Today we talk about cadmium

Cadmium was discovered in 1817 by Strohmeier, a professor of chemical medicine at the University of Gottingen in Germany.  

In 1990, FAO and the World Health Organization divided trace elements into three categories. The first category is essential to human body, there are 8 kinds, including iodine, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, molybdenum, chromium and cobalt.  The second kind is the human body may be necessary, there are 5 kinds, including manganese, silicon, nickel, boron, vanadium and so on;  The third category is trace elements that are potentially toxic but at low doses may have essential functions for the human body, including fluorine, lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, aluminum, lithium and tin.  Cadmium falls into the third category.  

Where does cadmium oxide powder come from?  What are the hazards?  

Cadmium mainly through food, water and air, through the digestive tract and respiratory tract into the body to accumulate, in the human body metabolism is slow.  Excessive cadmium intake can cause acute and chronic poisoning.

Cadmium oxide smoke inhaled can produce acute poisoning, poisoning early performance sore throat, cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, sore and ache all over, the symptom such as weakness, fever, serious can appear in toxic pulmonary edema and chemical pneumonitis, have apparent difficulty breathing, chest pain, bloody sputum, cough up a lot of bubble can be died of acute respiratory failure;  

Use cadmium-plated utensils to prepare or store acidic foods or beverages, which may contain cadmium in the diet and may cause acute cadmium poisoning after ingestion.  

Long-term inhalation of cadmium can produce chronic poisoning, causing kidney damage, mainly manifested as urine containing a large number of low molecular weight protein, urine cadmium excretion increased.  

Cadmium oxide powder poisoning can cause " pain pain disease"

In Fuji Prefecture, Japan, in the early 20th century, it was found that there was widespread poor rice growth.  In 1931, a strange disease appeared, mostly women, manifested as pain in the waist, hands, feet and other joints.  Over the course of several years, patients develop neuralgia, bone pain, difficulty in moving and even breathing.  In the later stages of the disease, the bones soften and atrophy, the limbs bend, the spine deforms, the bones become brittle, and even coughing can cause fractures.  The patient cannot eat, is in great pain and often cries out "It hurts!"  "It hurts!  Some people commit suicide because they can't stand the pain.  

Hence the name "bone cancer" or "pain pain disease".  After investigation, the paddy fields in this area were irrigated by cadmium-polluted rivers, and the rice contained high levels of cadmium.  People eat cadmium-contaminated rice and drink cadmium-contaminated Shentong river water for years, resulting in chronic cadmium poisoning, tongtong disease is a typical chronic cadmium poisoning. Tuitai is not only found in Japan, but also in other countries.  

The cadmium content in food is affected by the cadmium content in the natural environment, including mollusks and crustaceans.  Grain, peanut and other content is relatively high.  Data show that cadmium levels in aquatic products and animal kidneys are much higher than in rice, and people who eat these two foods regularly will be at greater risk.  

In addition, calcium deficiency in the body increases the accumulation of cadmium in the liver and kidney, zinc deficiency in the body can increase the absorption of cadmium, and dietary deficiency of vitamin D will also lead to increased absorption of cadmium.  Therefore, while reducing the intake of cadmium-contaminated foods, we should pay attention to the nutrition of calcium, zinc and vitamins.