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Views: 3 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-01-23 Origin: Site
Antimony trioxide is white cubic crystal, melting point is 656℃, relative density is 5.2, belongs to amphoteric substance, easily soluble in acid; solubility in water is 0.002g/100mL. antimony trioxide is heated in air to 300-400℃ to turn yellow, antimony antimonate [Sb(SbO4)] can be obtained, its relative density is 5.82, high temperature conditions to release oxygen, become antimony trioxide. The dimer Sb4O6 starts to dissociate into Sb2O3 at 800°C and almost completely dissociates at 1800°C.
1) Application of antimony oxide in titanium yellow series colorants
Titanium series products have been occupying most of the market of blank color, especially after the price of rare earth praseodymium yellow products soared, some manufacturers began to gradually use the rice yellow products in titanium series to replace praseodymium yellow. Titanium series products are mainly composed of titanium dioxide, antimony oxide and chrome green, of which titanium dioxide is used as the carrier and antimony oxide as the coloring body. Therefore, the product content of antimony oxide will directly affect the final quality of titanium series products. Of course, it does not mean that the higher the content of antimony oxide the better the titanium yellow produced.
Antimony tin gray material is mostly used in vintage tile products, because antimony oxide and tin oxide can generate a more stable crystalline structure between them, so the high temperature stability is very good, more than the conventional titanium series and zirconium series products can withstand high temperature reaction, so it can be applied to some daily-use porcelain. Of course, because of the retro tone of antimony tin gray, the price of tin oxide is also rising year by year, many color manufacturers basically no longer produce antimony tin gray, usually through cobalt blue and other high temperature resistant color modulation. The purity of antimony oxide has a very obvious effect on antimony tin gray, the higher the purity of antimony oxide burned out the higher the value of antimony tin gray tone blueness. When the amount of antimony oxide is less than 10%, it has a certain effect on the saturation of the color, when the amount of antimony oxide is more than 10%, increasing the amount of antimony oxide has little effect on the saturation of the color.
In ceramic frit formulation, part of the product which needs high emulsion, need to add antimony oxide appropriately to improve the emulsion of the product. Antimony plays the role of emulsion and colorant in glaze, and antimony oxide alone cannot be used to make colored glass. Emulsion glaze in the ceramic industry, including daily-use ceramics, architectural ceramics, sanitary ware and other aspects have a wide range of applications. Emulsion glaze is the addition of emulsion in the transparent glaze, will promote the appearance of fine crystals in the glaze, bubbles, fusion precipitation and other phenomena, the light scattering effect, and get opaque cloudy glaze.
Emulsion is the most critical component of the emulsion glaze, in the modern ceramic industry commonly used emulsion agent are: zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), titanium oxide (TiO2), tin oxide (SnO2), cerium oxide (CeO2), antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), lithium-containing minerals, phosphorus-containing minerals, fluoride, etc. Fluoride, etc. Antimony pentoxide (Sb2O5) as ceramic glaze emulsion, easy to dissolve, unstable. The molten block is white, while the face tile is light yellow after firing.
Antimony trioxide is a white pigment, which can be used in paint and other industries, and can prepare various antimonides. It is initially used to reduce the chalking of anatase titanium dioxide, which is inert and has poor light transmission. As a flame retardant can be widely used in polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, engineering plastics (ABS), rubber, paints, coatings, synthetic resins, paper and other materials. Used as defoamer for melting glass, removing air bubbles, catalyst in polyester fiber. Used as passivator in heavy oil, residual oil, catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming process in petroleum.
The toxicity of antimony trioxide comes from the high content of arsenic oxide (arsenic) contained in the product. As the price of antimony trioxide as a flame retardant has been climbing rapidly in recent years, some enterprises, in order to reduce costs, purchase products that use some lower-priced antimony trioxide, whose price is obviously lower than that of genuine antimony oxide products.
At present, the antimony oxide products in the market mainly come from Hunan, through the preliminary ball milling and flotation process, it can extract the antimony sulfide concentrate with the content of about 60% from the lead-zinc ore or lead-antimony ore. Then, the antimony sulfide concentrate is treated with a desulfurization and purification process to obtain metallic monomeric antimony. Diantimony trioxide is produced by melting or burning metallic antimony in air. Direct combustion of antimony monomers yields Sb2O3.
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