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Views: 9 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2022-05-09 Origin: Site
Lithium iron phosphate has an olivine structure and is densely packed hexagonally (slightly twisted). LiFePO4 consists of FeO6 octahedron and PO4 tetrahedron to form a spatial skeleton. P occupies the tetrahedron position, while Fe and Li fill the octahedron gap. Fe occupies the coangular octahedron position, and Li occupies the coedal octahedron position. The lattice has one FeO6 octahedron co-edging with two FeO6 octahedron and one PO4 tetrahedron, while the PO4 tetrahedron co-edging with one FeO6 octahedron and two LiO6 octahedron.
Item | Features |
High energy density | Its theoretical specific capacity is 170mAh/g, the actual specific capacity of the product can exceed 140mAh/g |
Good security | LiFePO4 is currently the safest cathode material for lithium ion batteries, which does not contain any heavy metal elements harmful to human body. |
Long life | Can charge and discharge more than 2000 times |
The charging performance | The lithium battery made of lithium iron phosphate anode material can be charged at a high rate and can be fully charged in as little as one hour. |
In view of the disadvantages of low diffusion rate and low electronic conductivity of LiFePO4, three improvement methods are mainly adopted at present: improved synthesis process, coating conductive material and doping modification.
1. Improve the synthesis process
By using different raw materials and different synthesis methods to prepare LiFePO4 with smaller particle size, the diffusion path of Li+ is shortened, the stripping and embedding of Li+ are promoted, and the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathode material is improved.
2. Coated with conductive material
A compound that synthesizes LiFePO4 conductive material. Conductive materials generally use carbon or metal materials, on the one hand, because carbon has excellent conductivity and low mass density; On the other hand, metal powder has good electrical conductivity. Coating metal particles on the surface of LiFePO4 material can improve the electrical conductivity of the material, reduce the impedance between particles, and thus improve the specific capacity of the material. Although carbon coating can greatly improve the conductivity of LiFePO4, due to the low density of carbon, the volume specific capacity of the material decreases, and the coating cost of metal powder is too high, and impurities may be introduced. Therefore, the key of this process is to find the appropriate conductive material and the amount of addition to improve the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 cathode material and reduce the cost.
3. Doping modification
In order to improve the internal conductivity of LiFePO4, metal ion doping modification is introduced. Using the method of metal ion doping, the doped material will cause internal lattice defects of the material after entering the crystal, so as to fundamentally improve the conductivity of the material.
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