Silver Nitrate (AgNO3)-Crystalline

Characteristic

Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO₃. This compound is a versatile precursor to many other silver compounds, such as those used in photography. 

Chemical formula:AgNO₃

Molar mass:169.872 g·mol⁻¹

Appearance:colorless solid

Odor:Odorless

Density:4.35 g/cm³ (24 °C);3.97 g/cm3 (210 °C)

Melting point:209.7 °C (409.5 °F; 482.8 K)

Boiling point:440 °C (824 °F; 713 K)decomposes

Solubility in water:122 g/100 mL (0 °C)

                             170 g/100 mL (10 °C)

                             256 g/100 mL (25 °C)

                            373 g/100 mL (40 °C)

                            912 g/100 mL (100 °C)

Solubility:Soluble in acetone, ammonia, ether, glycerol

Solubility in acetic acid:0.776 g/kg (30 °C); 1.244 g/kg (40 °C); 5.503 g/kg (93 °C)

Solubility in acetone:0.35 g/100 g (14 °C)；  0.44 g/100 g (18 °C)

Solubility in benzene:0.22 g/kg (35 °C)； 0.44 g/kg (40.5 °C)

Solubility in ethanol:3.1 g/100 g (19 °C)

Solubility in ethyl acetate:2.7 g/100 g (20 °C)

log P:0.19

Magnetic susceptibility (χ):−45.7·10−6 cm³/mol

Refractive index (nD):1.744

Crystal structure:Orthorhombic

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Application

Silver nitrate is employed in Silver plating, photography, manufacturing of other silver compounds, mirrors, coloring porcelain, and staining in histology. It finds use as a stain in scanning electron microscopy, and a key ingredient in several silver-based antiseptic and antibacterial pharmaceutical compositions. Silver(I) nitrate can be used to separate mixtures of alkenes by selective absorption, and for deprotection and oxidation reactions in organic synthesis. It is widely used as an analytical reagent owing to its immediate reaction with halide ions forming insoluble precipitate of silver(I) halides.