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12125-02-9
NH4Cl
07011700PD
99.999%
- 100-325 mesh
235-186-4
NO
Characteristic
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl and a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. Sal ammoniac is a name of the natural, mineralogical form of ammonium chloride. The mineral is commonly formed on burning coal dumps from condensation of coal-derived gases.
Chemical formula: NH4Cl
Molar mass: 53.49 g/mol
Appearance: White solid, hygroscopic
Odor: Odorless
Density: 1.519 g/cm3
Sublimation conditions: Decomposes at 337.6 °C at 1 atm(ΔdecompHo = 176.1kJ/mol)
Solubility in water:244 g/L (−15 °C); 294 g/L (0 °C): 383.0 g/L (25 °C); 454.4 g/L(40 °C); 740.8 g/L (100 °C)
Solubility product (Ksp): 30.9 (395 g/L)
Solubility: Soluble in liquid ammonia, hydrazine,Slightly soluble in acetone, Insoluble in diethyl ether, ethyl acetate
Solubility in methanol: 32 g/kg (17 °C); 33.5 g/kg (19 °C); 35.4 g/kg (25 °C)
Solubility in ethanol: 6 g/L (19 °C)
Solubility in glycerol: 97 g/kg
Solubility in sulfur dioxide: 0.09 g/kg (0 °C); 0.031 g/kg (25 °C)
Solubility in acetic acid: 0.67 g/kg (16.6 °C)
Vapor pressure: 133.3 Pa (160.4 °C); 6.5 kPa (250 °C); 33.5 kPa (300 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 9.24
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -36.7•10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.642 (20 °C)
Application
Ammonium chloride finds its use as a flux in preparing metals for galvanizing, soldering or tin coating. While mainly referred as a nitrogen source fertilizer, it is also used in cleaning tip of soldering iron, hair shampoo as a thickening agent, some batteries as electrolyte, tanning, textile printing, dyeing, and cleaning products. In laboratories it is used to produce cooling baths and for producing buffers. Along with certain metals, it is used for effecting certain reductions in organic synthesis. It can be used as a precursor to ammonium cyanate, which is employed in the Wöhler synthesis of urea. It facilitates several organic transformations in a mild and efficient manner - for example in Ulmann coupling, cross-aldol condensation, Claisen rearrangement, reduction, thia-Michael addition and synthesis of several monocyclic, fused or spiro bicyclic nitrogen heterocycles.
Characteristic
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl and a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. Sal ammoniac is a name of the natural, mineralogical form of ammonium chloride. The mineral is commonly formed on burning coal dumps from condensation of coal-derived gases.
Chemical formula: NH4Cl
Molar mass: 53.49 g/mol
Appearance: White solid, hygroscopic
Odor: Odorless
Density: 1.519 g/cm3
Sublimation conditions: Decomposes at 337.6 °C at 1 atm(ΔdecompHo = 176.1kJ/mol)
Solubility in water:244 g/L (−15 °C); 294 g/L (0 °C): 383.0 g/L (25 °C); 454.4 g/L(40 °C); 740.8 g/L (100 °C)
Solubility product (Ksp): 30.9 (395 g/L)
Solubility: Soluble in liquid ammonia, hydrazine,Slightly soluble in acetone, Insoluble in diethyl ether, ethyl acetate
Solubility in methanol: 32 g/kg (17 °C); 33.5 g/kg (19 °C); 35.4 g/kg (25 °C)
Solubility in ethanol: 6 g/L (19 °C)
Solubility in glycerol: 97 g/kg
Solubility in sulfur dioxide: 0.09 g/kg (0 °C); 0.031 g/kg (25 °C)
Solubility in acetic acid: 0.67 g/kg (16.6 °C)
Vapor pressure: 133.3 Pa (160.4 °C); 6.5 kPa (250 °C); 33.5 kPa (300 °C)
Acidity (pKa): 9.24
Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -36.7•10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD): 1.642 (20 °C)
Application
Ammonium chloride finds its use as a flux in preparing metals for galvanizing, soldering or tin coating. While mainly referred as a nitrogen source fertilizer, it is also used in cleaning tip of soldering iron, hair shampoo as a thickening agent, some batteries as electrolyte, tanning, textile printing, dyeing, and cleaning products. In laboratories it is used to produce cooling baths and for producing buffers. Along with certain metals, it is used for effecting certain reductions in organic synthesis. It can be used as a precursor to ammonium cyanate, which is employed in the Wöhler synthesis of urea. It facilitates several organic transformations in a mild and efficient manner - for example in Ulmann coupling, cross-aldol condensation, Claisen rearrangement, reduction, thia-Michael addition and synthesis of several monocyclic, fused or spiro bicyclic nitrogen heterocycles.
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